New Guinea Island is the second largest island in the world after Greenland Island. New Guinea was occupied by the Dutch, Germans and British on 24 August 1828 through the Treaty of London in England. This island was previously controlled by the Tidore Sultanate by calling it Papua (Arabic : Babu / Slave) but there is no Active Government there. The western part of New Guinea was controlled by the Dutch based on the claim of the Tidore Sultanate Territory by calling it Netherlands New Guinea, while in the eastern part it was divided into two by Germany and England, Germany occupied the northern part and called it German New Guinea. The British occupied the South by calling it British Papua. However, after the end of the First World War in 1919, the entire German Territory became the property of the British due to the defeat in the War so that the British called it Papua New Guinea. After World War I, the League of Nations (LBB) was formed but the struggle for the Colonies continued, so World War II emerged from September
1, 1939 – September 2, 1945, the United Nations (UN) was formed to create world peace and grant independence to the territories. – Non-Self Governing Territories around the world as regulated in the United Nations Charter Article 73e. After the end of World War II in 1945, Britain and the Netherlands
registered their Colonial Territories (Papua New Guinea and Netherlands New Guinea) in the UN List of Decolonization Territories ( UN Non Self Governing Territories ) so that these two territories were prepared to have Self-Government or Independence. ( Independent ). Or Territories that have this
Status Quo are granted Decolonization or Abolition of Colonization. Towards the decolonization process, Papua New Guinea was included as a colony under British administration on July 1, 1949 and liberated on September 16, 1975. Meanwhile, Netherlands New Guinea was recognized under the administration
of the Dutch colony on December 29, 1949 through the Agreement at the Round Table Conference (KMB) in The Hague , Netherlands. Netherlands New Guinea was officially added to the UN Decolonization List on 12th December 1950. But the Mining Conspiracy and the Communist tension of Indonesia made Decolonization of West Papua or Netherlands New Guinea failed by New York Agreement between Indonesia and Netherlands.

Footage of the Original Political Statement (Political Manifestation) of the New Guinea Council (Nieuw Guinea Raad) dated October 19, 1961 which was proclaimed throughout the World regarding the change of the name Netherlands New Guinea to West Papua, the Morning Star as National Flag, Hai Tanah Ku Papua National as the National Anthem and the National Emblem.

Dutch New Guinea Nederlands-Nieuw-Guinea
1949–1962
Flag of the Netherlands (1949 – 1961) Morning Star flag (1961–1962) Coat of arms (1961–1962)
Motto: Setia, Djudjur, Mesra  (Indonesian) Pius, Honestus, Amica  (Latin) “Loyal, Honest, Affectionate”
Anthem:  Hai Tanahku Papua (Indonesian) (English: “Oh My Land Papua”)
Map of the Dutch possession in the New Guinea
Status	Colony of the Netherlands (1949–1954) Overseas territory of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (1954–1962)
Capital	Hollandia
Common languages	Dutch Papuan Malay Papuan languages Austronesian languages
Religion	Christianity Animism (folk / ethnic)
Government	Colonial administration
Monarch
• 1949–1962	Juliana
Governor
• 1950–1953 (first)	Stephan Lucien Joseph van Waardenburg
• 1958–1962 (last)	Pieter Johannes Platteel
Historical era	Cold War
• Established	27 December 1949
• Disestablished	1 October 1962
Currency	NNG gulden
Preceded bySucceeded by Dutch East Indies United Nations Temporary Executive Authority
Colony Today	Indonesia

Celebration of Independent Day in Manokwari City on December 1st, 1961